This course focuses on fundamental pathophysiological and pharmacological principles as applicable to nursing care across the lifespan. Drug actions and interactions, and therapeutic applications of major pharmacological classifications of drugs are emphasized. Various manifestations of disease are illustrated through the specific etiology, signs, symptoms, and diagnostics. Exploring the relationship of pharmacologic knowledge with nursing practice, integration of the nursing process and nursing implications with various drug classifications is emphasized. Nursing implications of drugs and drug therapy, including drug interactions, is examined.