This course is an intensive study of the intellectual and religious ferment that characterized the thirteenth through the sixteenth centuries. Topics include the roots of the Renaissance and the Reformation; the rise of humanism and its relationship to the literary, artistic, scientific, political, economic and social developments in Western Europe; the major aspects of the Italian, Northern European, English and Spanish phases of the Renaissance; the pre-reformers, the relation of the Reformation to humanism; the lives and theology of the leaders of the Reformation’s major movements and the impact of the Renaissance and the Reformation on history and society since the 16th century.